Electricity
Protons and electrons carry opposite charge, and electron gain or loss charges a material without creating or destroying charge.
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Electricity: Electric Charge and Electron Transfer
Protons and electrons carry opposite charge, and electron gain or loss charges a material without creating or destroying charge.
Open article →Electricity: Induction and the Electroscope
Induction separates charge without contact, while an electroscope detects charge through repulsion of like charges.
Open article →Electricity: Electric Current and Circuits
Electric current measures charge flow per unit time, and a closed circuit provides the conducting path needed for continuous flow.
Open article →Electricity: Potential and Potential Difference
Potential describes work per unit positive charge at a point; potential difference drives charge between two points and is measured in volts.
Open article →Electricity: Ohm's Law and Resistance
At constant temperature current is proportional to potential difference, while resistance measures a material's opposition to charge flow.
Open article →Electricity: Resistivity, Conductivity and Materials
Resistivity measures intrinsic opposition to current, conductivity measures the ability to pass it, and the two distinguish conductors from insulators.
Open article →Electricity: Series and Parallel Resistors
Series resistors share one current path and add resistance, while parallel branches share voltage and reduce effective resistance.
Open article →Electricity: Heating Effect and Joule's Law
Current through resistance converts electrical energy into heat, which depends on current squared, resistance and time.
Open article →Electricity: Electric Power and Energy
Electric power is the rate of electrical-energy conversion, while consumed energy is power multiplied by operating time.
Open article →Electricity: Domestic Circuits and Safety
Domestic circuits meter energy, distribute equal voltage through parallel branches and use fuses or MCBs against excessive current.
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